Umudioka is one of the largest ethnic groups in Igbo nation. They are among the most widely spread and largest intra-ethnic groups within Igboland. Their settlements are numerous, with many established kingdoms and autonomous communities.
They are found in almost every Local Government Area (LGA) of the South East and South South regions. During the burial of late Sam Okwaraji, the footballer and national hero, representatives from Umudioka groups across the South East and South South were present.
The entire Umudioka community, from Awka through Imo to the whole South East, Rivers (Umudioga), Delta, Cross River, etc., arrived in distinct groups to offer condolences. They exist today in Igboland as autonomous communities. For instance, in Orlu Local Government Area, they have three traditional kingdoms – Owerre Umudioka, Umudioka Ukwu, and Umudioka Ancient Kingdom. Their migratory axis includes Igbo Ukwu and Awka.
They are found in every senatorial district in Igbo land and beyond.
There has been an argument between Aro and Umudioka regarding which group is more widespread in the South East and South South regions, and which among Umudioka, Aro, and Ngwa is the largest ethnic group in Igbo nation.
The Dioka people claim to account for about 2.3 million of the estimated 75 million Igbo population.
Umudioka people are the cultural ambassadors of the Igbo. They are known for their fierceness in warfare and reputation as mercenaries. It is taboo to sell the Dioka into slavery, though Umudioka people may sell or buy slaves.
They teach and spread Igbo customary rules in their journeys and are semi-nomadic. They are the earliest judges, called the Nze, and are the curators of the practices of Nze na Ozo. They initiate Igbos through the Ichi scarification rites as far back as the 8th century AD.
They were the earliest known poets, with poetry referred to as Abuokri. A poet is called Diokri or Diabuokri. It is rich in praise singing, allusions, and imagery, often recited like rhythmic incantations. The Oja flute is used as an accompaniment.
During scarification rites, the Dioka distracts the initiate with Abuokri poetry, using a potent substance from the Ichi leaf as a local anesthetic or painkiller.
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